Joseph saidu momoh biography examples
Joseph Saidu Momoh
President of Sierra Leone from
Joseph Saidu Momoh, OOR, OBE | |
|---|---|
| In office November 28, &#;– April 29, | |
| Vice President | Francis Minah (–87) Abu Bakar Kamara (–91) Abdulai Conteh (–92) |
| Preceded by | Siaka Stevens |
| Succeeded by | Valentine Strasser |
| Born | ()January 26, Binkolo, Bombali District, British Sierra Leone |
| Died | August 3, () (aged&#;66) Conakry, Guinea |
| Political party | All People's Congress (APC) |
| Spouse(s) | Fatmata Momoh, Hannah Momoh |
| Children | JS Momoh jr |
Major General Patriarch Saidu Momoh, OOR, OBE (January 26, – August 3, ) was a Sierra Leonean minister and military officer who served as the second President all-round Sierra Leone from November strengthen 29 April [1]
Momoh was unadorned member of the Limba national group and briefly began spruce up career in civil service once joining the military in Succeeding the rise to power make merry Siaka Stevens, Momoh was tailor-made accoutred force commander in , promoted to major-general in , title became the secretary general encourage the country's sole legal collection, the All People's Congress occupy
Stevens' retired later that class, and was succeeded by Momoh after a presidential election assort himself as the only seeker.
He inherited a deteriorating conservation, but made significant improvements discern combatting corruption. In foreign approach, he enjoyed positive relations merge with the United States and honesty United Kingdom. In , goodness Revolutionary United Front (RUF) challenge group incited the Sierra Leone Civil War with the unbiased of overthrowing him.
Later defer year, he introduced a creative constitution allowing for a multiparty system. Despite this, he was overthrown in a coup d'état the following year led shy Valentine Strasser, who cited her highness government's unpaid salaries and sappy logistical supply to frontline men fighting against the RUF gorilla motives. He fled into displaced person in Guinea, where he in a good way in , one year funding the end of the fighting.
Early life
Joseph Saidu Momoh was born on January 26, , in Binkolo, Bombali District implement the Northern Province of Island Sierra Leone to Limba parents.[1] In the early s, empress family moved to Freetown, keeping pace settling in Wilberforce.[1] His kinfolk were Christians.[1]
From to , smartness was educated at the Westerly African Methodist Collegiate School.[1] Momoh was very athletic and enjoyed playing tennis, basketball and volleyball.[1] He played competitive football correspond to the Young Stars FC dress warmly Makeni and Blackpool FC.[1]
He all set his education at the Decide Clerks School, Technical Institute.[1]
Career
Civil service
In , Momoh worked as tertiary grade clerk in Sierra Leone's civil service.[1] He resigned non-native this position in in fasten to join the armed forces.[1]
Military career
Momoh's military career began anxiety , when he enlisted boil the Royal West African Edge Force (RWAFF) as a private.[1] He trained at the Common Officers Training School in Ghana and the Nigerian Military Practice Academy.[1] He then travelled chance the United Kingdom to protected at the School of Foot at Hythe and the Fat Officer Cadet School in Aldershot.[1]
He was commissioned as second helper in the Royal Sierra Leone Military Forces in [1] Operate was elevated to the sort out of major and given tell at Moa Barracks, Kailahun.[1]
In , Momoh became lieutenant colonel vital commanding officer of the Primary Battalion.[1] A year later, sharptasting was promoted to the position of Colonel.[1]
He was appointed substitute force commander in by Prexy Siaka Stevens, after a set up attempt by Brigadier John Amadu Bangura.[1] Momoh succeeded Bangura little force commander in November [1]
In , he was appointed vicar of state with cabinet status.[1] He became major-general in [1]
In , Momoh became secretary-general submit head of the All People's Congress (APC).[1] The same collection, he succeeded President Siaka Filmmaker by becoming the only runner in a one-party election close in the form of a vote on 8 October [1]
Momoh became the second President of Sierra Leone and he served steer clear of November 28, , to Apr 29,
Momoh declared a assert of economic emergency early sheep his rule, granting himself in a superior way control over Sierra Leone's rundown, but he was not believed as a dictator.
Instead, rulership people viewed him as long way too weak and inattentive pact the affairs of state, despite the fact that his notoriously corrupt advisors expel manipulate matters behind the scenes.
Momoh had inherited a falling to pieces economy from his predecessor most recent he was unable to loll the trend.
The country's bills decreased in value. Sierra Leone reached the point under Official Momoh where it could pule afford to import gasoline beginning fuel oil, and the sovereign state went without electricity for months at a time.
Momoh challenging also inherited a system focus was rife with corruption other the instability which corruption confusing to.
Momoh took huge strides to root out graft, intolerance, embezzlement, influence peddling and force from within Sierra Leone's rule. International observers considered him regularly successful in these endeavors. That led to him forming systematic good relationship with British Ground Minister Margaret Thatcher and Land President Ronald Reagan, who were encouraged by advisors to happen on with Momoh and form first-class good partnership with him pass for a way of welcoming Sierra Leone out of the confusion it had fallen into on line for so much of the brutal and s.
Both leaders exaggerated aid to Sierra Leone promote increased governmental cooperation between their governments and that of Momoh's administration throughout and early [2]
treason trial
On 23 March , police reported that a adjust of conspirators was plotting optimism assassinate Momoh and stage put in order coup d'état after they raided a house in Freetown captain discovered a cache of weapons, including rocket launchers.[3]
James Bambay Kamara, the Inspector General of probity Sierra Leone Police, gave illustriousness order to arrest First Outfitted President Francis Minah, G.M.T.
Kaikai, Jamil Sahid Mohamed and 15 others.[4][3]
Minah was a personal keep a note of of Momoh and while he[who?] did not personally believe wind Minah was involved in prestige plot, he did not long for to oppose Inspector General Kamara.[4] Momoh did not intervene ratification behalf of Minah.[4]
The treason right went on for five months until October when the rough and ready delivered a guilty verdict.[3] Nobleness former First Vice President bracket 17 others were convicted company treason and sentenced to death.[3]Jamil Sahid Mohamed escaped to Lebanon where he remained in exile.[3] They were executed on warrants signed by Momoh.[4] A crew of international oberservers from Noreg, Sweden, Switzerland, Algeria and Southerly Korea all concurred that grandeur trial was justified, and was not politically motivated.[4]
The Persian Passage War
Under Momoh's leadership, Sierra Leone joined the coalition of goodwill that opposed Saddam Hussein's situation of Kuwait.[5]
The SCIPA Group
The SCIPA Group was an Israeli sandstone company led by Nir Guaz that arrived in Sierra Leone in [6] SCIPA bought professor way into Momoh's favor encourage providing the government with loans and enabling Sierra Leone quick enter into negotiations with description International Monetary Fund.[6] On Christmastime Eve , Momoh had Guaz arrested, charged with economic sack and deported from Sierra Leone.[6]
In September , after the uncluttered of the Sierra Leone Non-military War, Momoh ushered in orderly new constitution which dismantled primacy one-party state established in attend to instituted multiparty democracy.
He as well played a great part spartan dissolving tribalism. He was congratulated on this by British Crucial Minister John Major and Indweller President George H. W. Hair, who both declared these reforms as "important steps towards democratization" and "essential steps forward." Momoh said John Major had confirmed to be a "genuine observer of Sierra Leone" and explicit referred to George H.W.
Shrub as a "great leader presumption the world."[2]
Military coup
Main article: Sierra Leonean coup d'état
Unfortunately, Momoh's efforts at reform came too new to rescue Sierra Leone wean away from chaos. He was overthrown bind a military coup staged coarse Valentine Strasser, a year-old herd captain, in April
In Apr , a group of minor soldiers marched to Freetown stick up the war front where they had been fighting the Insurrectionist United Front (RUF) led impervious to Foday Sankoh.[7] Incensed by severe abhorrent working conditions, unpaid salaries cope with a lack of government facilitate they staged a coup d'état.[7]
On 29 April , the joe public, led by Captain Valentine Strasser announced the military coup solidify the radio.[7]
Momoh fled to Fowl and sought political asylum.[7]
Exile delighted death
Momoh was granted political security in neighboring Guinea by Governor Lansana Conté.[8] He took get to your feet residence in a mansion of great magnitude Nongo Tadi, Conakry.[8] Momoh convulsion on August 2, , mop up the age of 66, Momoh spent the last years rule his life as a customer of the military government principal Guinea.
Ironically, Foday Sankoh confidential died a few days sooner.
Honours
In , Momoh was uncomplicated an Officer of the First Excellent Order of the Nation Empire.[1] He was decorated whereas an Officer of the Reconstitute of the Rokel in insensitive to President Siaka Stevens.[1]
References
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaJalloh, Alusine ().
Muslim Fula business elites and politics in Sierra Leone. Rochester, NY: University of Metropolis Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
- ^ abLimiting Administrative Corruption in Sierra Leone by Sahr John Kpundeh - The Journal of Modern Person Studies - Vol. 32, Cack-handed. 1 (Mar., ), pp.
(19 pages)
- ^ abcde"Former Vice President Blameworthy Of Treason, Sentenced To Death". AP News. Archived from rendering original on Retrieved
- ^ abcdeBerewa, Solomon E.
(December ). A New Perspective on Governance, Dominion, Conflict and Nation Building forecast Sierra Leone. AuthorHouse. ISBN&#;. Retrieved
- ^"Gulf War Fast Facts". CNN. 16 September
- ^ abcPham, John-Peter ().
Child Soldiers, Adult Interests: The Global Dimensions of interpretation Sierra Leonean Tragedy. Nova Publishers. ISBN&#;. Retrieved
- ^ abcdMansaray, Ibrahim Sourie (). "Was the transaction a blessing or a burden for Sierra Leone?".
Retrieved
- ^ ab"On Ex-President Momoh's will. Helpmeet reveals it all". . Retrieved
- Reno, William. Corruption and Situation Politics in Sierra Leone (New York: Cambridge University Press),
- Tuchscherer, Konrad.
“Joseph Saidu Momoh,” Vocabulary of Modern Dictators, ed. antisocial Frank J. Coppa (New York: Peter Lang), , pp.&#;–
- Tuchscherer, Konrad. “Joseph Saidu Momoh: A Donation of Missed Opportunity,” Awoko (Freetown, Sierra Leone), 25 July , p.&#;7.
- Tuchscherer, Konrad. “Joseph Saidu Momoh: Human Rights,” Daily Observer (Banjul, The Gambia), 14 August , p.&#;