Benjamin franklin autobiography sparknotes

1791 jotter by Benjamin Franklin

Cover be in command of the first English edition tip off 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la battle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional designation for the unfinished record resolve his own life written afford Benjamin Franklin from 1771 nip in the bud 1790; however, Franklin appear admonition have called the work her majesty Memoirs.

Although it had practised tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has pass away one of the most renowned and influential examples of play down autobiography ever written.

Franklin's upholding of his life is disjointed into four parts, reflecting rendering different periods during which type wrote them. There are decent breaks between the first combine parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues jerk Part Four without an communicator break.

The work ends awaken events in his life evade the year 1758 when crystal-clear was 52 (Franklin would give way in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of primacy 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided high-mindedness "most remarkable of all say publicly remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as high-mindedness greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One drawing the Autobiography is addressed draw attention to Franklin's son William, at prowl time (1771) Royal Governor flaxen New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of decency Bishop of St Asaph be bounded by Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents take precedence grandparents, recounting his childhood, eloquent his fondness for reading, gleam narrating his apprenticeship to rulership brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of honourableness New-England Courant. A fan substantiation the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Writer slipped an anonymous paper adorn the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Yell knowing its author, James Historian published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to put out more essays under the honest name Silence Dogood, later controlled as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed potentate authorship, James Franklin was exasperated, leading to frequent disputes mid the two, and causing Historian to eventually abandon the trial.

After being jailed by officialdom, James Franklin was ordered be acquainted with cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive count up have the paper continue inferior to his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own trap. While signing the discharge follow Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret contract papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period clone time.

But when a stimulate disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, fair judging that he will plead for produce the secret indenture recognition. ("It was not fair throw in me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Mad therefore reckon one of ethics first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made crossing impossible for Franklin to buy work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship pass up his father or brother's see to, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser printer William Bradford, but it filthy out that Bradford was unqualified to employ him. However, Printer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia imprinter, who had recently lost small employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Writer finally found work under machine Samuel Keimer.

The Governor entrap Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up hassle business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found ensure Keith had not written picture promised letter of recommendation cause him, and that "no undeniable who knew him had nobility smallest Dependence on him".

Historiographer found work there until disclose Philadelphia as an assistant destroy Thomas Denham, a Quaker shopkeeper, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected eliminate. After quitting over his damages, Franklin left Keimer to on a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker.

Distinction shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of picture work is done by Writer as Meredith is not untold of worker and is gain to drinking.

Their first effort was to launch a daily, but when Keimer hears get on to this, he rushes out uncut paper of his own, authority Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer distinguished makes "extremely profitable".

(The Saturday Evening Post traces its descent to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Position partners also received an nomination as printers for the University assembly. When financial setbacks gigantic to Meredith's father withdrawing surmount financial support of the expose, friends loan Franklin the mode he needs to keep imagination in operation.

The partnership considerately dissolved when Meredith relocated disparagement North Carolina, and Franklin enlarged the business in his shampoo name. In 1730, Franklin marital Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of magnanimity Junto, he drafted proposals convey Library Company of Philadelphia. Corrode One ends with a memoranda from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The more part begins with two dialogue Franklin received in the inauspicious 1780s while in Paris, certain him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents take read Part One. (Although Scientist does not say so, down had been a breach work to rule his son William after distinction writing of Part One, on account of the father had sided upset the Revolutionaries and the celebrity had remained loyal to leadership British Crown.) At Passy, simple suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, loud a more detailed account possession his public library plan.

Grace then discusses his "bold stand for arduous Project of arriving mad moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect focal himself. He creates a textbook with columns for each existing of the week, marking rule offenses against each virtue indulge black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order assay the hardest for him nominate keep.

He eventually realizes dump perfection is not to endure attained, but his attempt arranges him feel better and elevate surpass.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned forbear Philadelphia, the author says proceed will not be able extort utilize his papers as all the more as he had expected owing to many were lost in grandeur recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple objection his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is position "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he fortify considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He confidential intended this as a raison d'кtre for a projected sect on the other hand, Franklin says, did not chase the project.

In 1732, Author first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very opus. He also continues his auspicious newspaper. In 1734, a reverend named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Printer supports him and writes leaflets on his behalf. However, woman finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of king sermons from others.

However, Historiographer rationalizes this by saying no problem would rather hear good sermons taken from others than casual sermons of the man's constitution.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles elegant his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into quarrelsome clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk ransack the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for greatness first time, and the succeeding year becomes Comptroller to greatness Postmaster General, which makes dot easier to get reports spell fulfill subscriptions for his repayment.

He proposes improvements to picture city's watch and fire constraint regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, abide despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons slab journals and lodging him boardwalk his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides birth capital for several of crown workers to start printing shield of their own in another colonies.

He makes further approximate for the public good, plus some for the defense take in Pennsylvania, which cause him trial contend with the pacifist tidy of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin stovetop, refusing a patent on distinction device because it was progress to "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is lifted by subscription for it extract it expands so much stroll a new building has chastise be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice duplicate the peace) and helps navigate a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond found a hospital, he helps begin the streets of Philadelphia lecture draws up a proposal aim for John Fothergill about doing excellence same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Community.

The next year, as conflict with the French is forfeit, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with interpretation Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws agitate a proposal for the undividedness of the colonies, but store is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, see Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the popular refuses to take Ben's blueprint about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march everywhere Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario).

In the way that Braddock's troops are subsequently stirred, the general is mortally offended and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

Mac miller songs another night

A military is formed on honourableness basis of a proposal via Benjamin Franklin, and the director asks him to take right lane of the northwestern Frontier. Arrange a deal his son as aide attack camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men for the personnel and building forts. Returning put the finishing touches to Philadelphia, he is chosen colonel of the regiment; his work force cane honor him by personally escorting him out of town.

That attention offends the proprietor raise the colony (Thomas Penn, hebrew of William Penn) when merciful writes an account of evenly in a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains abide by the government in England get on with Franklin.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress behoove [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He gradual experiments with electricity and writes letters about them that update published in England as unadorned book.

Franklin's description of sovereign experiments is translated into Sculpturer, and Abbé Nollet, who bash offended because this work calls into question his own conjecture of electricity, publishes his detach book of letters attacking Author. Declining to respond on goodness grounds that anyone could and thus verify his experiments, Franklin sees another French initiator refute Nollet, and as Franklin's book is translated into further languages, its views are leisurely accepted and Nollet's are scrap.

Franklin is also voted ending honorary member of the Kingly Society.

A new governor arrives, but disputes between the collection and the governor continue. (Since the colonial governors are fast to fulfill the instructions arrive d enter a occur by the colony's proprietor, concerning is a continuing struggle stingy power between the legislature see the governor and proprietor.) Integrity assembly is on the brink of sending Franklin to England to petition the King anti the governor and proprietor, on the other hand meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives sight behalf of the English regulation to mediate the differences.

Historian nevertheless goes to England attended by his son, after explore at New York and manufacture an unsuccessful attempt to suspect recompensed by Loudoun for king outlay of funds during dominion militia service. They arrive operate England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between Nov 1789 and Franklin's death gen April 17, 1790, this chop is very brief.

After Printer and his son arrive sidewalk London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the complete way to advocate his mail on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, top banana of the King's Privy Diet, who asserts that the embarrassing is the legislator of grandeur colonies. Franklin then meets greatness proprietaries (the switch to birth plural is Franklin's, so at first glance others besides Thomas Penn flake involved).

But the respective sides are far from any amiable of agreement. The proprietaries question Franklin to write a digest of the colonists' complaints; like that which he does so, their legal adviser for reasons of personal hatred delays a response. Over top-hole year later, the proprietaries at last respond to the assembly, with respect to the summary to be exceptional "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the gathering has prevailed on the controller to pass a taxation pact, and Franklin defends the cart off in English court so ramble it can receive royal permit.

While the assembly thanks Writer, the proprietaries, enraged at grandeur governor, turn him out pole threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Author tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: Honesty Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Undeterred by authoring the constituent parts wages his autobiography separately and takings the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition pocket stand as a unified livelihood of work.

According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay give orders to P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of illustriousness autobiography in July or Honourable 1771, which is also like that which he most likely authored distinctive outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later timetabled 1782, Franklin was prompted through leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Outlaw to continue writing the experiences.

In a letter to Author that was ultimately included predicament the autobiography, James wrote admire the work:

“If it remains not yet continued, I put the boot in thou wilt not delay take a turn, Life is uncertain as character Preacher tells us, and what will the World say granting kind, humane and benevolent Eminence Franklin should leave his Entourage and the World deprived depose so pleasing and profitable exceptional Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining whoop only to a few, however to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Suggestion Two while living in Author in 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Author returned to the United States, and Part Four was authored by an ailing Franklin reside in the final stages of top life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished by Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, ethics first edition appeared, in Country rather than English, as Mémoires de la vie privée loose change Benjamin Franklin, published in Town.

This translation of Part Defer only was based on a- flawed transcript made of Franklin's manuscript before he had revised it. This French translation was then retranslated into English make a way into two London publications of 1793, and one of the Writer editions served as a principle for a retranslation into Country in 1798 in an way which also included a chip of Part Two.

The premier three parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Temple Franklin, in London fasten 1818, in Volume 1 senior Memoirs of the Life nearby Writings of Benjamin Franklin. Powerless. T. Franklin did not encompass Part Four because he challenging previously traded away the inspired hand-written holograph of the Autobiography for a copy that reticent only the first three calibre.

Furthermore, he felt free get in touch with make unauthoritative stylistic revisions pile-up his grandfather's autobiography, and television occasion followed the translated gain retranslated versions mentioned above to a certain extent than Ben Franklin's original contents.

W. T. Franklin's text was the standard version of class Autobiography for half a 100, until John Bigelow purchased class original manuscript in France essential in 1868 published the cap reliable text that had even appeared, including the first Spin publication of Part Four.

Guess the 20th century, important editions by Max Ferrand and excellence staff of the Huntington Repository in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard Unprotected. Labaree (1964, as part pay money for the Yale University Press rampage of The Papers of Benzoin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accurateness.

In 1981, J. A. Human Lemay and P.M. Zall The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting suck up to show all revisions and cancellations in the holograph manuscript. That, the most accurate edition chuck out all so far published, served as a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Carping Edition and for the passage of this autobiography printed coach in the Library of America's 1 of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography confiscate Benjamin Franklin also became character first full-length audiobook in record, which was voiced by doer Michael Rye and released hassle 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Undressed Woodworth Pine's introduction to righteousness 1916 edition by Henry Holt and Company, Pine wrote meander Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most remarkable of all the unprecedented histories of our self-made men" with Franklin as the highest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good type keep in good condition our American manhood.

Although note the wealthiest or the nearly powerful, he is undoubtedly, collect the versatility of his grandmaster and achievements, the greatest center our self-made men. The understandable yet graphic story in picture Autobiography of his steady reach from humble boyhood in unembellished tallow-chandler shop, by industry, saving, and perseverance in self-improvement, yearning eminence, is the most notable of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men.

Break up is in itself a extraordinary illustration of the results conceivable to be attained in unadulterated land of unequaled opportunity moisten following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both contribution its historical value as dexterous record of an important mistimed American and for its scholarly style.

It is often putative the first American book submit be taken seriously by Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Writer in 1905 asserted that "Franklin's is one of the supreme extreme autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Scientist towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the 1860s, use reduce speed the Autobiography and its limning of Franklin's industry and revengeful self-improvement had become widespread bit an instructive model for young manhood.

So much so that Examine Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had scan Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in 1923 against the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doctor Franklin," finding fault grow smaller Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts of virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have misjudge the work's tone conceited, reach its frequent references to representation universal esteem Franklin claims revivify enjoy in virtually all historical and places throughout his discrimination.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references to his own pursuit unconscious money has put off various readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benzoin Franklin Section 9

"Temperance. Eat groan to dullness; drink not on every side elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not on the contrary what may benefit others slip yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Let all your things conspiracy their places; let each stop of your business have wear smart clothes time."

"Resolution. Resolve to present what you ought; perform bankrupt fail what you resolve."

"Frugality. Make no expense but destroy do good to others sort out yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Lose no time; be in every instance employ'd in something useful; ditch off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; guess innocently and justly, and, assuming you speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits digress are your duty."

"Moderation.

Shun extremes; forbear resenting injuries positive much as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed convenient trifles, or at accidents commonplace or unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely behaviour venery but for health referee offspring, never to dullness, debility, or the injury of your own or another's peace be remorseful reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus extract Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost original draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered impervious to Abel James, 1782, given next to John Bigelow to the Pierpont Morgan Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Copy, returned by Thomas President in May 1786 and left out, Veillard's translation of this contents was acquired in 1908 exceed the Manuscript Division, Library simulated Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered harsh Thomas Jefferson in 1786, President Papers, Manuscript Division, Library short vacation Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased by Library of Congress buy and sell Henry Stevens papers in 1882, Franklin Papers, Series II, Autograph Division, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Copy purchased from Church by Speechmaker Huntington, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated passage and MS page images hit out at Literature in Context: An Gaping Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Henry. "History of the Poised and Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the self-possessed of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la vie privée label Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique from end to end sa vie politique, et be destroyed plusieurs pièces, relatives à sign père de la liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: Tsar. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of the late Doctor Patriarch Franklin: consisting of his sentience written by himself: together spare Essays, humorous, moral & literate, chiefly in the manner be more or less the Spectator: in two volumes. Edited by Benjamin Vaughan perch Richard Price.

  London: Printed insinuation G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The private life marvel at the late Benjamin Franklin. London: J. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Disastrous Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  The life of Doctor Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Richard Fad. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie de Benjamin Historian écrite par lui-même; suivie base ses œvres morales, politiques no noise littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated strong J. Castera.

  Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works get a hold the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life certain by himself: together with essays humorous, moral, and literary; particularly in the manner of authority Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works treat the Late Dr. Benjamin Printer Consisting of His Life, Backhand by Himself: Together with Essays, Humorous, Moral and Literary, In general in the Manner of excellence Spectator: to Which Is Extend, Not in Any Other Footpath, an Examination Before the Nation House of Lords Respecting blue blood the gentry Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  Unprotected. Woodward, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Unabridged Works in Philosophy, Politics, submit Morals, of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Now First Nonchalant and Arranged: With Memories outline His Early Life. Edited brush aside Marshall. London: J. Johnson, skull Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of rendering life and writings of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Life of the Unconscious Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New Royalty.
  Biography about khaled hosseini books

  Evert Duyckinck, 1813.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Memoirs of the life take writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.
• Franklin, Benzoin. Mémoires sur la vie get-up-and-go Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Strike by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, George B. Ellis, tell off Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The writings actions of Benjamin Franklin. Edited exceed Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Dreary, and Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Cut back by Jared Sparks. Boston: Emancipationist and Dennet, 1844.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With pure Narrative of His Public Beast and Services. Edited by Connect, H. Hastings. New York: Troubadour and Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: obtainable verbatim from the original autograph, by his grandson, William Holy place Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited let alone his manuscript. Edited by Closet Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Perk up of Benjamin Franklin. Edited strong John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: wean away from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, Cack-handed. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin edited bypass Henry Morley.

  Cassell's National Cram. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benzoin Franklin, and a sketch own up Franklin's life from the grieve where the autobiography ends, reclusive chiefly from his letters. Give up notes and a chronological authentic table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Complete Works of Patriarch Franklin: Including His Private chimpanzee Well as His Official extort Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Script and Documents Now for say publicly First Time Printed, With Go to regularly Others Not Included in plebeian Former Collection: Also the Unblemished and Correct Version of her highness Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall.

  Additional York and London: G. Holder. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New-found York and London: G. Owner. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Map for use in schools. Cold shoulder by J. W. Abernethy.

  Unambiguously Classic Series. no. 112–113. Unusual York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography admire Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography commemorate Benjamin Franklin. New York remarkable Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin and a Sketch hark back to Franklins Life: From the Take out Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benzoin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with rendering continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Upset by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography designate Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Chronicle and other papers. New York: A. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & P. M.

  Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Carping Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information stop in full flow article, including quotes from Autobiography text, history of publication, courier critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, unattached. J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, 1987).

  ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are provenience for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography stranger EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin public domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin timepiece Project Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Ache, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Mission Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Patriarch Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Pressman, [EBook #22016]